What are the signs of bad or failing brake drums?

Brake drums are a critical part of your vehicle's braking system, especially for the rear wheels on many cars and trucks. While they're built to last, they do wear out over time. Recognizing the signs of bad or failing brake drums is key to preventing a serious safety issue. Here are five of the most common warning signs to watch for.

1. Squealing, Grinding, or Scraping Noises

This is often the most obvious sign of an issue with your brake drums. When you press the brake pedal, you may hear a high-pitched squealing or screeching sound. This is usually caused by the brake shoe's wear indicator rubbing against the inside of the drum. If you hear a deep grinding or scraping sound, it could mean that the brake shoe's friction material is completely worn away, causing metal-on-metal contact between the shoe and the drum. This is an urgent sign that the brake drums need immediate attention.

2. Vibrations or Pulsing in the Brake Pedal

When your brake drums are warped or out of round, the brake shoes can't make smooth, even contact with the drum's surface. This can lead to a noticeable vibration or pulsing feeling that you'll feel through the brake pedal. This sensation is similar to what you'd feel with warped brake rotors on a disc brake system and can be a clear indicator that your brake drums are damaged and need to be replaced.

3. Reduced Braking Performance

If you notice that your car isn't stopping as quickly or effectively as it used to, it could be a sign of worn brake drums. Worn-out drums or brake shoes have less friction, which means the brakes can't generate the force needed to slow down the vehicle properly. You might have to press the brake pedal harder or further down to get the car to stop. This is a significant safety risk and should be addressed right away.

4. The Parking Brake Feels Loose or Has Excessive Travel

The parking brake (or emergency brake) on most cars with drum brakes works directly on the brake drums. If the brake shoes inside the drums are heavily worn, the parking brake cable will have to be pulled much tighter to engage them. This results in the parking brake handle or pedal feeling loose, or you may notice that you have to pull the handle much higher than you used to in order for it to hold the car.

5. Dragging Sensation After Releasing the Brake Pedal

A less common but equally serious sign of failing brake drums is a dragging or pulling sensation after you release the brake pedal. This can be caused by a seized or improperly adjusted brake shoe, which is not fully disengaging from the drum. This can create excessive heat, reduce fuel efficiency, and cause premature wear on other components. You might also notice a burning smell, which is another telltale sign of a brake system issue.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it's best to have a professional mechanic inspect your vehicle's braking system. Ignoring these warning signs can lead to more extensive and costly damage, and most importantly, it compromises your safety on the road.